Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
Heavy menstrual bleeding is defined as excessive menstrual blood loss that interferes with a woman’s quality of life. It often leads to iron deficiency anaemia, which can result in a women feeling tired and weak. There are many causes of heavy periods, in general, these are divided into 3 main categories.
Enlarged multifibroid uterus
Enlarged adeomyotic uterus with adjacent ovarian cysts
Endometrial polyp
Hysteroscopy Fibroid
1. Uterine structural abnormalities
– Fibroids
– Endometrial polyps
– Endometrial hyperplasia
– Adenomyosis
2. Hormone related issues
– Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
– Peri-menopause
– Underactive thryroid
3. Blood disorders (uncommon)
– Genetic clotting disorders
– Blood thinners
The first step in investigation of heavy menstrual bleeding is a high quality trans-vaginal pelvic ultrasound and review with a gynaecologist. Dr Wetherell is happy to see you and investigate and manage any of the conditions above.
Management
This usually depends on the cause of the heavy bleeding. However, as with most things it can be divided in Medical and Surgical management strategies.
Medical:
1. Non-hormonal
– Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAID) – Mefemanic acid
– Tranexamic acid
2. Hormonal
– Progesterone – Norethisterone (temporary reduction in bleeding)
– Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)
– Progesterone Only Pill (POP) – Slinda or Visanne
– Mirena or Kyleena Intra-Uterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD)
3. Surgical
There are many surgical options, depending on the cause, including:
– Hysteroscopic endometrial polyp resection – Myosure or resectoscope
– Hysteroscopic resection of fibroid
– Endometrial ablation (Novasure)
- This is where the lining of the womb is burned using radiofrequency energy to destroy the endometrium.
- The endometrium is then scarred, which reduces or stops bleeding.
- This is not usually suitable if you have large fibroids or adenomyosis.
– Laparoscopic myomectomy
– Laparoscopic hysterectomy
Each woman with heavy periods is unique and needs a tailored consultation and specific management plan. Dr Wetherell will work closely with you to investigate, diagnose and offer you up to date evidence based medical and surgical treatment options.